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A bottle of ordinary water plus sunlight and a special catalyst, people can easily use this "artificial photosynthesis" to break down water into oxygen and hydrogen to provide electricity for a house.
Last year, while the U.S. government was struggling to measure the most appropriate economic stimulus package, a civilian-style organization under the U.S. National Agency for Advanced Energy Research proposed an interesting issue of a $400 million grant. This topic was precisely the result of the “artificial photosynthesis†presented by the early MIT Chemistry Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the beginning of March at the first meeting of the Advanced Energy Research Bureau; the study fully demonstrated the economy to the outside world. The aid funds are invested in the results of research on new photosynthesis guarantees.
Generates energy from free hydrogen
It is just a special kind of catalyst and a bottle of water and sunlight. This “artificial photosynthesis†can break down water into hydrogen and oxygen to provide enough power for an ordinary family.
Like the principle of organic photosynthesis, “artificial photosynthesis†is merely the decomposition of carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and hydrogen through sunlight. In general, plants rely on photosynthesis and generate energy in the form of sugar, but the new “artificial photosynthesis†process generates energy in the form of free hydrogen. Free hydrogen can combine with oxygen and hydrogen in the fuel cell to generate electrical energy; it can even be directly converted into liquid fuel. In only about four hours, “artificial photosynthesis†with the help of special catalysts can generate electricity equivalent to thirty degrees.
Since the electricity generated by the "artificial photosynthesis" is not the same as that of a commercial electrolyzer, it costs 12,000 U.S. dollars per kilowatt of electricity, so the biggest selling point for new research is that it is cheap. Just as it is, Nocera hopes that every household in the future will be able to produce and store the required fuel and electricity through this new photosynthesis.
If Nosella's research can be put into practice, then about a bottle of water can provide enough energy for an average family. Nocera said: "If it can't be done in a cheap manner, then there is no way to improve the current energy situation in the United States, nor does it help the poor in all corners of the world."
Catalyst assists in the decomposition of water
As the owner of the solar catalyst company, Nocera explained that he was leading the catalyst for “photosynthesisâ€, explaining that the main function of this cobalt-based catalyst is to assist a bottle of water to handle the same stored energy as the plants. water.
Nocera said: "Almost all solar energy is stored in the process of decomposing water. Therefore, we need to achieve a large-scale solar energy storage through simulated photosynthesis."
Solar Catalysts, like the other four companies of the same nature, is an energy research company funded by the government and is directly responsible for the Energy Advanced Research Projects Agency. A total of five energy research companies are dedicated to the development of energy conversion technologies.
Sewage can also generate electricity
According to Nocera, the new “Artificial Photosynthesis†does not need to be performed under special temperature or pressure conditions; there is no requirement for the use of water. In order to implement the principle of cheapness and convenience, the Nocera team even tested with the untreated river waters of the Charles River in Boston.
Nocera said that in only four hours, a five-meter-wide and six-meter-long photovoltaic array (photovoltaic arrays are the largest photovoltaic power generation systems. Solar cells can convert solar energy into direct current through the photovoltaic effect, and then invert. The device converts direct current into alternating current for use. The electricity generated is enough for the average American family to use electricity a day.
As for how to make society abandon the current large-scale energy storage system and adopt this kind of "self-service-style" power storage method, Nocera mentioned the science forecast of 1889.
Before the automobile industry took off in 1898, people used mainly carriages. At that time, the leaders of the global powers had gathered to discuss ways to solve the problem of London and New York being drowned by horse dung. However, related concerns have not been raised in less than two decades. Nocera said: "Because the leaders at that time did not see the rise of the auto industry. This is the so-called turning point."
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