Abstract Since the 18th century, mankind has experienced three major technological revolutions. The first two technological revolutions, the deepening of capital through the accumulation of physical capital, constitute the main driving force for economic growth. The core technology of the information technology revolution is computer technology and computer-based technology...
Since the 18th century, mankind has experienced three major technological revolutions. The first two technological revolutions, the deepening of capital through the accumulation of physical capital, constitute the main driving force for economic growth. The core technologies of the information technology revolution are computer technology and the Internet based on computer technology. However, what are the typical characteristics of the information technology revolution in the transformation of human production, trade and lifestyle? If it is the networking of the entire economy and society after the Internet is popularized, the Internet now seems to be only a continuation of the economic and social "networking" in the second industrial revolution. More critically, if this is a revolution, we should observe the increase in output per unit of labor time. According to many studies, the unit output growth rate since the 1990s is actually much slower than the second industrial revolution.
Unlike the current technological optimism in the IT world, the economics community seems to want to ask a calm question: Is the information technology revolution a "revolution"? The technological revolution is not a simple technological invention, but the widespread use of this invention in the economy, and ultimately replaces all old things in a comprehensive and complete manner. In this regard, in the previous two revolutions, we can observe an important phenomenon: there is a significant time lag between the technological invention and the widespread use of this technology - short decades and hundreds of years.
Since the universal application of technology lags behind the technological invention itself, when will the information technology revolution invented by computers, especially the Internet as the core technology, trigger a real revolution in economic and social development? The premise to answer this question is to find the typical feature of the information technology revolution to transform human production, trade and lifestyle – “using information and knowledgeâ€.
Modern electronic communication technology and network are fundamentally different from telegraph and telephone technology and economic and social networks during the industrial revolution: although they are all networked by technological advancement, the former is far less than the latter in terms of networking. It is also through the transformation from analog technology to digital technology to achieve digitalization - some call it the "digital revolution." With the development of sensing technology, storage technology and computing technology, in modern networks, all interactions leave a digital footprint that can be stored and processed. These data are far beyond the ability of conventional technologies to be stored and processed in terms of size and variety, and are called so-called "big data."
“Big data†is a more fashionable concept in recent years. Although there is no uniform definition, its characteristics can be defined by four “Vâ€s, namely, volume of data, Velocity, Variety, and Value. The economic and financial theory and practice circles are no strangers to the processing and analysis of large volume and real-time (Velocity) data, but big data differs in magnitude and speed from the previous data types. The diversity of data types: the objects that big data needs to deal with include not only traditional structured data (such as stock trading time series, GDP, etc.) but also many unstructured data (such as video, audio, text information, etc.). The latter's data size and growth rate are much higher than the former, and the technology and theory for processing these two types of data are different.
Just as the Europeans “discovered†the coveted gold resources of the New World and the New World hundreds of years ago, the result of the digital revolution was the new gold mine on the New World – big data. In an age when all people and things can be networked and leave a digital footprint in the digital space, one basic idea to keep in mind is that data is an asset. However, the purpose of obtaining big data is firstly to generate information through analysis, and the process from data to information needs to be supported by IT technology, including: data storage and query technology, data processing technology, data application technology.
Unlike the previous capital deepening driven by tangible physical capital accumulation and the “physical capital phenotypic technological advancementâ€, the “revolutionary†of the information technology revolution is concentrated in the large-scale accumulation of data assets and the ability to directly join the production function. The process of data capital. From the accumulation of data assets to the formation of data capital, at least three aspects have formed the effect of reducing costs and increasing productivity:
First, the availability of information transparency has been greatly improved, which has greatly reduced transaction costs, which has greatly improved the efficiency of enterprises in identifying customers and managing internal processes, and the macroeconomic management capability will also leap. In retail, e-commerce and manufacturing, customer stratification, customer experience, and tailoring are becoming trends; at the macroeconomic level, with real-time, large-scale data generation and use, the past is based on monthly, quarterly, and even annual Outdated economic forecasts will become real-time broadcasts of real-time economic conditions.
Second, the risk management capabilities of enterprises and society have been greatly improved. At the enterprise level, the improvement of risk management capability is obviously an effective means to reduce the probability of wrong investment and increase productivity. At the macroeconomic level, a typical example is to consider a company like Lehman Brothers as a big data. Network critical nodes or key "bridges" that connect different sub-networks to analyze and grasp the importance of the system, or to avoid the huge losses caused by the crisis.
Third, new ways of production, living and trading are being and will continue to be formed. The field of trade and manufacturing has evolved a new network-based approach to marketing, warehousing, supply chain and market organization, and the financial industry based on the “real economy†is undergoing profound changes. For example, in the so-called "Internet finance" that was born in China in the past few years, if we abandon the "internet usury" bubble, we can find that companies such as Alibaba use the big data generated in the e-commerce process to make these data become The data capital of enterprise proliferation.
In the process of data asset accumulation and data capital formation, two natural questions are: Who owns such data assets? Who can turn data assets into data capital? At the national level, this involves the re-engineering of the global power landscape in the 21st century. According to McKinsey's statistics, in 2010, the newly stored data in North America, Europe, and Japan reached 3,500, 2000, and 400 petabytes, respectively, and China has only 250 beats. As the second largest economy in the world's nominal GDP, China is in a state of great backwardness in the accumulation of data assets. Data processing and analysis capabilities are the premise that data assets become data capital. In terms of this ability, talent is the top priority.
The future belongs to the era of big data. The accumulation of data assets, the formation of data capital and the promotion of data capital deepening and "data capital phenotype technology advancement" will become a new continent for human economic and social development. In "Fifteen Years of Wanli", Huang Renyu said that Chinese people are not good at "number management." I hope that at this time, we can learn the lesson.
Top shower
Top shower is mounted on wall holding by Shower Arm or [7" type pipe, above the head. It has around and square, 2 popular types Top shower. Material of top shower can use engineer ABS with chrome plated, Stainless steel and Brass with chrome finish. Size: 4", 6", 8", 10", 12", 16", 20".
With the large showerhead and RainAir spray mode, you can enjoy an especially intense shower experience.
Top Shower,Top Rated Shower Head,Shower Heads,Rain Shower Head
SHENZHEN KING OF SUN INDUSTRY CO.,LTD , https://www.handybasinfaucet.com