The acid refractory material is mainly composed of silicon oxide and clay bricks. Silica brick is a siliceous product containing more than 94% of silicon oxide. The raw materials used are silica, waste silicon brick, etc., which have strong resistance to acid slag erosion, high softening temperature of load, no shrinkage after repeated calcination, and even slight expansion; However, it is susceptible to erosion by alkaline slag and has poor thermal shock resistance. Silica bricks are mainly used in thermal equipment such as coke ovens, glass melting furnaces, and acid steelmaking furnaces. Clay bricks are made of refractory clay and contain 30% to 46% alumina. They are weakly acidic refractories and are resistant to thermal shock.
Good refractory material, anti-corrosive to acid slag, widely used.
The neutral refractory material is mainly composed of alumina, chrome oxide or carbon. More than 95% alumina containing corundum is a high-quality refractory material with a wide range of uses. The chrome brick with chromium oxide as the main component has good corrosion resistance to steel slag, but has poor thermal shock resistance and low temperature deformation temperature. Carbon refractories are carbon bricks, graphite products and silicon carbide products. They have low thermal expansion coefficient, high thermal conductivity, good thermal shock resistance, high temperature strength, resistance to acid and alkali and salt erosion, especially weak acid and alkali. Good resistance, free from the wetting of metals and slag, light weight. It is widely used as a high-temperature furnace lining material, and also used as an autoclave lining for petroleum and chemical industry.
Alkaline refractories are mainly composed of magnesia and calcium oxide, and magnesium bricks are commonly used. Magnesia bricks containing 80% to 85% of magnesia have good resistance to alkaline slag and iron slag, and have higher refractoriness than clay bricks and silica bricks. Mainly used in open hearth furnaces, oxygen blowing converters, electric furnaces, non-ferrous metal smelting equipment and some high temperature equipment.
Refractory materials used in special occasions are high temperature oxide materials such as alumina, yttria, yttria, calcium oxide, zirconia, etc., refractory compound materials such as carbides, nitrides, borides, silicides and sulfides. Etc.; high temperature composite materials, mainly cermet, high temperature inorganic coating and fiber reinforced ceramics.
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