4 High-speed cutting applications
Due to the rapid advancement of high-speed cutting machine tools and tool technology and related technologies, high-speed cutting technology has been applied in the fields of aviation, aerospace, automotive, mold, machine tools, etc., turning, milling, boring, drilling, pulling, reaming, tapping, grinding. Almost all materials that can be processed by conventional cutting, such as aluminum alloy, steel, cast iron, titanium alloy, nickel-based alloy, lead, copper and copper alloy, fiber-reinforced synthetic resin, and materials that are difficult to process by conventional cutting. Tool materials mainly use carbon tool steel, ultra-high speed steel, hard alloy, coated tools, ceramic tools, cubic boron nitride, natural diamond, artificial diamond, polycrystalline diamond and so on.
At present, the international high-speed cutting technology is mainly used in the automotive industry, the workpiece itself or the machining field where the rigidity of the tool system is insufficient, and the field of processing complex curved surfaces. Different machining methods and different workpiece materials have different high-speed cutting ranges. The range of high-speed cutting line speeds for different machining methods is shown in the attached table. The figure shows the speed range of several common workpiece materials during high-speed milling.
High-speed cutting is still under development. It is expected that the cutting speed of milling aluminum can reach 10000m/min, the processed cast iron can reach 5000m/min, the processed ordinary steel will also reach 2500m/min; the drilling processing aluminum cutting speed can reach 30000r/min. The processed cast iron reaches 20000r/min, and the processed ordinary steel reaches 10000r/min.
5 Problems in high-speed cutting and development prospects
High-speed cutting is one of the main directions of cutting development. In addition to the development of basic technologies such as numerical control technology, microelectronics technology, new materials and novel components, it also has a series of technical problems, such as tool wear. Severe, the high-speed cutting tool is cut and cut, the cutting tool is expensive, the cutting tool and the spindle need to be balanced, the tool clamping is safe, the spindle system is expensive and the life is short, and the high-speed machining is used. The machine tool and its control system are expensive, which makes the one-time investment of high-speed cutting large. These problems restrict the further popularization and application of high-speed cutting. The development trend of high-speed cutting and future research directions are summarized as follows: (1) development and development of a new generation of high-speed high-power machine tools; (2) research on dynamic characteristics and stability of high-speed cutting; (3) in-depth study of high-speed cutting mechanism; (4) Development of a new generation of tool materials with good thermal shock resistance, good wear resistance and long service life, and research on tool structures suitable for high-speed cutting; (5) Further broadening the range of high-speed cutting workpiece materials and high-speed cutting process; (6) Develop monitoring technology suitable for high-speed machining conditions; (7) Establish high-speed cutting database, develop programming technology suitable for high-speed machining to further promote high-speed machining technology; (8) Develop and promote high-speed cutting technology (Quasi-dry) cutting green manufacturing technology; (9) Based on high-speed cutting, development and promotion of high-energy processing technology.
6 Conclusion <br> <br> development of advanced manufacturing technology, the revitalization of China's manufacturing industry to meet the challenges of the new century, but simply build powerful industrial countries. High-speed cutting technology is an advanced manufacturing technology with broad application prospects. The promotion and application of high-speed cutting technology can not only greatly improve the efficiency, quality and cost of machining, but also drive the development of a series of high-tech industries. Strengthening the basic research of high-speed cutting technology, establishing high-speed cutting database, high-speed cutting safety technology standards, improving the development and innovation capabilities of the machine tool and tool industry, and accelerating the research and development and industrialization of high-speed cutting tool systems and high-speed cutting machine tools are urgent tasks.
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