Lifeboat Maintenance and Maintenance About Water Life Saving Training

Lifeboats are important emergency rescue equipment on board and have always been the focus of Port State Inspection (PSC). The content of the 1983 amendment to the SOLAS Convention of 1974 states: “Each crew member participates in at least one abandon ship drill and one fire drill every month. Each lifeboat should be used every 3 months. At least once in the abandon ship drill, the designated sailors on board the ship will drop the sailors to operate on the water.” At the same time, the ship must be required to put all lifeboats on the water within 30 minutes. It can be seen that the correct and skillful retraction of lifeboats is a basic life-saving skill that the crew should master in order to increase the self-rescue capability of the ship in distress. However, in recent years, due to the non-standard operation of the lifeboats and the lack of routine maintenance and inspection, many ships have caused brake failures, hooks, automatic unilateral decoupling, and people falling into the water when lifting the lifeboats. Blade wraps around accidents such as wreckage. Here are some common causes of failure analysis and measures:
1、The lifeboat throttle/clutch lever is out of order
Cause: The throttle shaft of the throttle/clutch lever is rusting; or the transmission joint of the transmission shaft is stuck.
Measure: Before the lifeboat is lifted, it is necessary to test whether the boat is working properly, and operate the throttle/clutch lever to check if the propeller is rotating normally (the propeller is rotating backwards and forwards for no more than 30 seconds).
2, the lifeboat limit switch problem
1. Corrosion of the limit switch causes the cradle to be unrecoverable Cause: Corrosion short-circuit of the limit switch of the lifeboat hull makes the limit switch always in the limit state, and the electric boat lifeboat boat can not be raised and lowered by pressing the electric button.
Measure: Pay attention to the regular inspection and maintenance of the limit switch; or update the internal gasket of the limit switch.
2. The lifeboat crashes into the water when the limit switch malfunctions: The limit switch malfunctions. When the boat is unloaded, although the hull is in the original position and the hoisting rope is still in the winding, the hoisting rope is overstressed and broken. Turn over the water.
Shi: First, it should test the limit switch on the davit after releasing the boat; secondly, when the boat is approaching the original position, it should slow down the speed of the hanging rope, and it is better to slowly twist the rope. To reduce the impact of the hull on the impact of the dinghy and not to force the davit rope suddenly. Thirdly, the length of the davit rope should be adjusted before and after, so that both can be twisted and the boat can be retracted to its original position.
3, hook problems
1. The rusting of the hook of the davit falls into the water when the boat is stowed. Reasons: Usually, the maintenance only pays attention to the davit tackle, the davit rope, the lifeboat equipment and the hull shell. Few people pay attention to the hook, because the steel crane The hook is not easy to rust but people ignore it.
Measures: Pay attention to the inspection of the hooks of the hooks, especially if the lifeboat has not been replaced for more than 20 years of age.
2. The accidental decoupling of the first (tail) of the lifeboat is as follows: First, the decoupling device is in an open state in the event of an accident; second, the decoupling device is not opened, but the detent pin of the hook opening has been accidentally touched and cannot be reset in time. When the hull swings out of the davit, there will be some shaking and the davit ring will be pulled out of the hook.
Measures: First, it is necessary to strengthen the daily maintenance of lifeboats, especially to ensure that some key parts (such as safety devices and brakes) are in good condition; second, the boat must be carefully checked before retracting; third, decouple the insurance during operation. The inspection of the validity of key actions must be in place.
4. The boat is in failure of the brakes, the lifeboat fluctuates and bumps, damages the derrick and the boom
Symptom: When the boat fails to brake, the hull quickly falls to the surface of the water because it is not yet unhooking. If there is a large swell, the hull will bump up and down with the swell, and the davit rope will be loose and tight. And before and after shaking, so that the davit arm shakes violently and may be deformed.
The reason for the failure of the brake when the boat is released is as follows: one is that the gap between the brake pads is too large; the second is the speed of the boat when the lifeboat is deployed; and the third is that the speed of the lifeboat is too fast.
Measure: First, immediately start the lift boat to lift off the water, if there is no power to use the handle to shake instead of power; the second is to put on the cable and the tail cable before the boat is floated to prevent the boat from drifting due to the decoupling; the third is to pay attention to The gap between the brake pads must meet the requirements of the specification. Check whether the brake pads are effective before casting. Fourth, the speed and the release speed of the lifeboat should not be too fast.
5. The lifeboat operator was mishandling, the boat body suddenly violently shakes when the boom of the boat frame was released from the outboard, and the crew was thrown out of the outboard water.
The reason: Loosening speed was too fast. When the boat was just outboard, the operator of the screech boat suddenly braked and the hull swayed violently. The crew was thrown out of the outfall without thought preparation. There was also no clearing of the deck of the boat, such as the stacking of the boat ladders, the removal of the side railings of the boat deck, or the failure of the lighting fixtures to reach the required position. When the boat was loosened, the keel was blocked and the hull was tilted. Crew the crew out of the water.
Measure: Clear the boat deck outboard items. The crewman grips the safety line when loosening the boat. The speed of releasing the boat is slow, and you can't use a sudden brake.
6, the first cable wrapped around the propeller
Cause: The first lifeboat cable is generally about 37 meters long, which is about 4 times the length of the lifeboat. Moreover, the lifeboat's propeller has a shallow draught, so the first cable is likely to float to the stern of the propeller.
Measures: After the first cable is disconnected, the ship's personnel should immediately say that the first cable is to be stowed.
7, hook problems
1. The hook finger was squeezed or crushed in the stormy seas. Cause: After the boat was hung during the boating process, the boat was lifted by the waves. The hooks were automatically removed. After several hook failures, the boatmen blocked the boat by hand in a hurry. Hook, but in the event of a surge, the hand is easily squeezed into the hook and injured or severed.
Measure: In addition to the township's oil and off-shore fishing boats, it is necessary to make preparations for the collection of the boats. It is required that the front and rear hooks be tied immediately after being hooked, and if they are slightly twisted, they will not be automatically decoupled. If the hook is fixed, a small mop can also be used to plug in the opening of the hook to reduce the possibility that the lower chain link of the davit tackle jumps out of the ring. If the hook is a fallable (ie, an interlocking hook), a small string can be used on the chain link at the lower end of the davit, and when the hook is hung, the string is pulled immediately (so that the hook is always upward The pulling force) to prevent the hook from falling off and unhooking.
2. The davit tackle hits the boat after the boat is out of the water. Reason: After the hook is lifted, the tackle block will shake automatically and it will easily hurt the head and body of the crew. In particular, some of the crewmen pulled the tackle by hand until the sling was forced to release the sled. The sled swung like a swing and could easily injure the boat. member.
Measures: First, when the hooks are relatively large, they can use the head and tail cables to pull the boat away from its original position when the hook is off, so that the hull can get out of the bottom of the davit; the second is to use the end of the safety rope to On the davit, pull the safety rope to the crew member of the big ship. The big crewman will pull this rope. Third, when the storm is big, when the front and rear hooks are all off, the tackle will be immediately twisted until the lifeboat. When you return, drop the davit.
8, one end of the boat is suspended in midair, the crew is poured out of the water
The reason: one is that one of the two hoisting ropes is broken; or one of the two hoisting ropes is embedded between the pulley and the pulley housing and stops to loosen (the other hoisting rope is still releasing); the second is automatic The uncocked hook is too shallow, and one end of the hull is less subject to external forces in the air. Third, the mooring rope is too short or varies in length.
Measure: First, check the ropes regularly, make maintenance and make records; second, slow down the speed of the boat unless it is about to be decoupled; thirdly, the front and rear lashing ropes should be attached to the earrings on the inner side of the fore-and-aft block. Fourth, the crew members need to hold the safety rope, wear a life jacket and wear a safety helmet when retrieving the boat.
9, Lifeboat steering handle failure
Causes: First, the rust between the steering handle and the drive shaft fails; second, the rudder angle is too large and the rudder shaft is stuck.
Measures: Immediately install an emergency steering tiller at the stern to take emergency steering.
From the above analysis of the causes of common failures, we should pay attention to:
1. Pay attention to the safety of the lifeboat when it is suspended. 1. When preparing the boat or securing the boat, the crew should wear a life jacket, wear a safety helmet, and stand at a practical place under their feet.
2. Strictly observe the operating procedures. When the crew is released, there should be no more than 4 persons on board, and pay attention to intensify contact with the commander of the boat.
3. For open lifeboats, the boatman should grasp the lifeline when retrieving the boat, and gradually loosen according to the speed of the boat to prevent the boat from breaking when the wire breaks or when the boat is unhooking. Closed lifeboats are required to close doors and windows when they are in the course of a row. All persons on board should fasten their seat belts to prevent accidents.
4. When the boat is launched into the water, it should be noted that the boat is decoupled when the wave is off the hook, and when the boat is hooked, it starts to hang when the boat is in the trough.
When unhooking, make sure that it is unhooking at the same time. If there is inconsistency in front and rear decoupling during a storm, it may cause the boat to hang obliquely on the wavy slope, which is prone to accidents. A short axe should be provided on the boat to cut off the hooks that cannot be disengaged or strike the dead hooking device in an emergency. When the ship has a speed, it is necessary to prevent the front hook from being disengaged. Take care to prevent the hooks from hurting when hooking off.
5. When the lifeboat is unable to start normally on the surface of the water, an emergency start-up method shall be adopted immediately to prevent the lifeboat from colliding with the big ship due to the surge. When there are many people on the boat, it should be noted that the distribution of the personnel on the boat before and after and inside and outside the file should be uniform.
6. When using fenders and hooks, prevent accidental falling water accidents.
2. Precautions for routine maintenance 1. Ensure that the lifting hooks normally suspend the rings, and release the shaft and the tail of the hooks in their normal positions. All the pulleys and guide pulleys on the davit shall be refueled and the maintenance work shall be arranged to reduce the possibility of overloading the davit wires.
2. For open lifeboats, the condition of the lifeline and the boarding ladder should be checked frequently and replaced in case of mildew.
3, lifeboat fixtures, shackles, etc. to timely refueling. The lifeboat release device shall be repaired after the safety hook is hung. Closed lifeboat automatic decoupling device should be overhauled after clarifying the principle.
4. Check the dry food and equipment every month, periodically change the equipment according to the specifications; check and lubricate the flexible shaft every month; keep enough spare fuel; test the lifeboat motor every week, and check if the rudder system is leaky and the operation is normal.
5. Ensure that the limiter of the lifeboat traction motor can operate normally to prevent the davit from overstressing and the davit steel wire being overstressed and breaking.
6. Pay attention that the brakes applied to the root of the lifeboat operating handle must not enter or infiltrate the oil so as to avoid uncontrolled operation when the boat is released.
3, pay attention to the process of lifting the lifeboat 1, untie the fixed ropes of the boat, tidy up the cable, release the first cable, the test boat is normal, do all the appropriate preparations.
2. The boarding crew should first check and plug the bottom of the boat after boarding.
3. Mark the decoupling control handle clearly and confirm by the captain before boarding the boat to prevent it from moving.
4. After confirming that all preparations are safe and in place, the captain or captain shall direct the ship to pull the brakes and let go. Pay attention to the drop speed should not be too fast, should stop immediately when there is an abnormality, find out the reason and then release. The commander should strengthen contact with the people in the boat. The bow and tail cable should pay attention to timely release.
5. After the boat falls into water, the red safety lock must be removed when the lifeboat is completely floated to the water surface. The release handle is lifted to start the decoupling. The hook-off hooking should be carried out at the same time before and after, taking care to prevent the boat hook from hurting others. If necessary, the rope can be used to hold the rope. The control of the crew on the large ship prevents it from loosing (the maximum distance of the lifeboat from the water during an emergency decoupling is no more than 1 meter).
6. When the boat is stowed, when the lifeboat has been lifted about 1 meter away from the water, stop the twisting and check whether the front and rear hooks are properly hung. At the same time, pay attention to the full observation. In the temporary limit, you should change to manual twisting when the boat is in place. Immediately after the bumper was opened, the Panasonic Deck moored the hook to the T-hooks.
7. When the suspended lifeboat appears to have a wrong position, the length of the fixed cable is used to adjust the lifeboat when it fails to lean on the fender on the pontoon.
The lifeboat is an important emergency equipment on board and has always been the focus of Port State Inspection (PSC). As long as we always pay attention to maintenance, one by one in the process of casting and regular operation according to the regulations, we can avoid the occurrence of faults and ensure the safety of life and property at sea.