The function of the pressure chamber is to introduce the liquid into the impeller of the next stage or to the outlet pipe with the least loss and at the same time convert some of the kinetic energy into pressure energy. Pressure chamber a lot of types, common are: First, the spiral volute it only acts as a collection of liquid. At this time the liquid flows out from the impeller evenly, and the liquid in the volute is moved at a constant speed. The kinetic energy is changed into the pressure energy in the diffuser. In the spiral volute, the gap between the pump tongue and the impeller should be appropriate, too small and easy to produce vibration, and increased noise near the point of death. The liquid enters the diffusion tube after coming out of the volute, and the diffusion angle of the diffusion tube is generally 6º ~ 10º. Second, the radial guide vane it fixed at the exit of the impeller. The role of guide vanes and the volute, the front section only to collect the role of liquid, liquid in this section for constant speed movement, only to the diffusion part of the kinetic energy into pressure, it can be regarded as guide vane placed around the impeller Several volutes. In addition to the radial guide vanes, there are flow guide vanes, their role is the same, but different structures. The runner vane is monolithic in that liquid flows through the vane runner from the vane inlet to the suction vane outlet. But it is complicated to manufacture and generally not used. Third, the ring-pressure chamber used in the multi-stage pump out of the water section, the pressure chamber of the cross-sectional area equal to the flow velocity is not the same throughout the impeller out of the liquid will inevitably occur with the liquid pressure out of the room Impact, so its less efficient. Pumps with a volute pressure chamber and a guide vane pressure chamber are compared as follows: 1. The hydrostatic head generated by the volute pump is large, with little loss, high efficiency and simple structure. The axial thrust can be balanced by symmetrical arrangement of impellers. The guide vane pump is poor, and has a special balance device. 2, volute pump The entire rotor can be assembled in advance, on the pump body. The guide vane pump disassembly are very troublesome. 3, Volute pump impeller diameter can be reduced by 20% turning on the curve and the efficiency of little effect, but the vane pump can not, otherwise it will cause great energy loss. 4, when the flow deviates from the design conditions, the movement of the vane pump changes, the efficiency dropped rapidly, while the volute pump is not the case, its efficiency is not significantly reduced within a relatively wide range. 5, volute pump compared with the guide vane pump, the disadvantage is the casting complex, axial length, the need for larger processing machinery, and will produce radial force, the structural measures must be used to balance.
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