Bananas may be divided into the vegetative growth phase growth (vegetative stage), the common body vegetative and reproductive growth (bud stage), are three periods of fruit growth and development of other various periods to maturity of each nutritional properties . The nutrition management of bananas in life must be based on the three stages of bananas to select the fertilizers suitable for each stage and the corresponding fertilization methods for fertilizer and water management. In this paper, the proportion of nutrients and the amount of fertilizer applied to banana farmers in each nutrient stage should be flexibly adjusted according to the growth of bananas and soil fertility.
　　 1 , banana vegetative growth period fertilization
The vegetative growth period of bananas is generally the first 3-6 months after transplanting . The length of the trophic growth period is related to the climatic environment. Hainan is the first 3 months after transplanting. In the Guangdong-Guangdong region, the bananas need to pass through the wintering period for 5-6 months after transplanting . The main effect of this nutritional fertilization stage Huanmiao mention seedlings, promote banana roots, stems and leaves quickly grow to form a strong early trunk it should be more than adequate to protect the nitrogen supply Potassium sufficiently phosphorus nutrient. For example, 20-9-11 sulfur-containing compound fertilizer and other similar high-nitrogen compound fertilizers are more suitable for the first half of the banana trophic growth period, and in the latter half, due to the proximity to the banana bud stage, the latter half is selected 17-7. -17 and similar nitrogen and potassium fertilizer is better than high. At the same time, it should be combined with the small head and the big head to apply the right amount of organic fertilizer ( real farm organic fertilizer ) . The fertilization amount of the vegetative body is about 30% of the total fertilization amount .
However, the specific fertilization amount should also consider the local soil fertility status. If the soil is deficient in phosphorus or potassium, the appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied. At present, the banana plant in Hainan is in the process of turning over the big head and applying some fertilizers at the same time.
Fertilization method If the application of ordinary water-soluble fertilizer, then the water and fertilizer should be watered once a week in the month of planting; after three times of soil application and topdressing every month, it should be sprayed in time after a small number of times.
　　 2 , banana fertilization during pregnancy
The bud period is the period in which the vegetative body and the genital body coexist. The growth rate of the banana in this period is the fastest for about 2 months. The main effects of fertilization at this stage are twofold : one is to continue to promote the growth of roots, stems, leaves and other vegetative bodies; the other is to promote the development of buds and promote early buds. Therefore, an appropriate amount of nitrogen should be supplied under the premise of moderately increasing the amount of potassium applied. For example, a 15-6-20 sulfur-containing compound fertilizer can be applied . According to the local soil fertility combined with the use of unit fertilizer to effectively promote high yield of bananas, the amount of fertilizer applied is recommended to be 40%-45% of total fertilization .
The fertilization method is carried out three times a month for soil application and topdressing, but each time the amount of fertilizer is applied to the growth stage of the vegetative body, it is necessary to spray it in time.
　　 3. Fertilization during fruit growth and development
Fruit growth index after pumping bud to harvest 20-30 days before planting in this period due to the different duration ranging from high-temperature region for 3 months "Guangdong and Guangxi" need 5-6 months. The main role of fertilization in this period is to increase the sugar content of the fruit in order to promote fruit enlargement to prevent cracking and improve fruit quality. Therefore, in fertilization, it should be divided into two periods: the first half of the treatment should be re-applied with potassium fertilizer and the appropriate amount of nitrogen supply nutrients, such as 15-6-20 sulfur-containing compound fertilizer; the second half should be re-applied with potassium fertilizer supply to control nitrogen supply. Use 15-6-20 plus potassium sulfate ( but the total amount is based on the mixture of the two ) . Fertilization in this period accounted for 25%-30% of the total . This can ensure the rapid growth of the fruit in the first half of the fruit growth and development. When the product standard is reached, the banana sugar quality can be increased by nutrient regulation to improve the quality of the banana.
The fertilization method is carried out three times a month in the first half of the fruit growth period. The soil is topdressed at least once a month, but the fertilizer is stopped at least once a month for 20-30 days before harvesting to avoid wasting and timely sprinkling after each fertilizer application. In addition to this situation should be timely according to the growth of the banana foliar fertilization way to add nitrogen fertilizer and thus ensure the health of bananas, thrive.
In summary, as a typical banana crop potassium hi its N P, K nutrient absorption characteristics of the same order of absorption i.e. for K> N> P at different stages. According to the nutritional characteristics of bananas, it is recommended to apply potassium nutrition from transplanting or staying buds. In particular, to remind: after fertilization, irrigation must be combined with fertilizer dry fertilizer is equal to no fertilizer; biological large banana growing fast and demand is good fertilizer to grow bananas or large rainfall, frequent rainstorms to what the dry season so pay a small amount It is not easy to apply excessive fertilizer once.
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